Political Science in Simple way

Plato’s Ideal State Before know about  Ideal State  we should know about  State . State is not a concrete object but it is a combination individuals who share their ideas, thoughts, norms together and live. State came into existence to protect them so they live good life. According to  Plato  State is nothing but individual's writ large. So Ideal State is hypothetical state in which all individual get perfect life. Plato describes his Ideal State in his famous book “ The Republic .”  Plato gave his ideas in dialectical format. There are some features of Ideal State we pick up from these dialogues:    Division of Society  Plato believed that State is individual's writ large. He emphasized that every individual has three qualities :  Reason ,  Spirit , and  Desire . From these three qualities only one quality dominate person to person. Plato believed people should act according to their dominant quality.  Which has reason th...

  John Locke (1632–1704) was an English philosopher. His political writings inspire many liberal thinkers. He was the first thinker of his time who stand against absolutism and underlay the outline of modern constitutionalism.  His political thoughts like natural rights, freedom, Consent, religious tolerance,  right to revolution, limited government etc has played a crucial role to the development of western democracies.  Ideas on Social Contract  On Locke’s 'Two Treaties On Government' he wrote about Social Contract.  In first he criticize the Political Thought of Sir Robert Filmer (1588-1653) who support absolutism with patriarchal nature very strongly.  He rejects Filmer's thought about devine rights of king.  Social Contract  Human Nature   Unlike Thomas Hobbies(1588-1679) Locke believe in human nature as a blank state ( tabula rasa) with no ideas. He has only reason and cooperative behavior to survive. He believed that at the time o...

Plato in ‘Republic’ tried to portray the picture of an ideal state. In this book he first focused on three division of man’s mind into Reason, Spirit and Appetite and then divide society into three corresponding division i.e. The Ruler, the Soldiers and the Farmers. He however gives great importance to Reason and believed that when Reason rules the state it will be the ideal state. Who have Reason in highest peek according to Plato will called Philosopher King? He is the person with dominating reason who posses the wisdom and has the knowledge of Ideas or Forms. Qualification of Philosopher King According to Plato there should a great education system in ideal state in which all individual according to their specialization will be trained and who will dominating by Reason and reach to last of this education system will be Philosopher King. However, both Soldiers and Philosopher King have same kind of education system but according to Plato who have Reason in domination he will co...

  Plato  (c. 428–c. 348 BCE) and  Aristotle  (384–322 BCE) are generally regarded as the two greatest figures of Western philosophy. Aristotle was Plato’s student and colleague at the  Academy  in Athens, an institution for philosophical, scientific, and mathematical research and teaching founded by Plato in the 380s. But Aristotle is not a blind follower of Plato. He has different views on some concepts of Plato and also criticize him. ·         Plato was more rationalist. He believed that knowledge has permanent  importance. He said in this universe we solve many problems even with thoughts, abstracta are what is True, Good, and Beautiful, which we discover through contemplation.   On the other hand, Aristotle was more empiricist. He believed in observation of reality is of paramount importance. we need to perform physical experiments and collect and analyze evidence to ...