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Showing posts from December, 2025

M P Follet On Integration

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Mary Parker Follett, a pioneer of modern management theory, introduced “integration” as her most important method for resolving conflict in organizations and social groups. She regarded as a bridge between classical approach and behavioral  human relation of organization. Unlike other contemporary thinkers she viewed organization as a social system and administration as a social process.  M P Follet criticized classical theorist for focused on mechanical approach and ignore socio-psychological dimension of organization.  M P Follet on Conflict  M P Follet believed that conflict is not problem but a part of organization.  We can't ignore conflict and can't imagine an organization without conflict. It is inevitable due to individual differences.  According to Follett it is not a warfare and harmful but a basic problem. It should be resolved in constructive way.  She believed that conflict is natural and can be used creatively if handled properly. Thus sh...

Powers of Supreme Court

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 Constitution has granted many powers to Supreme Court.  It is not only federal court like America but also a final court of appeal like British House of Lords. It is final interpreter and guardian of Constitution.  Here are the powers of the Supreme Court of India explained in a clear and simple way: 1. Original Jurisdiction (मूल अधिकार क्षेत्र) Supreme Court has exclusive rights on certain types of cases. These include: Disputes between the Centre and State or more States Disputes between two or more States Article 131 of the Indian Constitution grants Original Jurisdiction to Supreme Court to hear and decide Disputes between Union and States or between two or more States.  In these Disputes Supreme Court have Exclusive Original Jurisdiction. It means not other court hear these cases and the power to hear such disputes in the first instance not by the appeals.   Supreme Court doesn't extend their decision in these cases like pre Constitutional treaty, agr...