Political Science in Simple way

  Mahatma Gandhi and B R Ambedkar were two great socio-political reformers of their times. They were intellectual elite of their respective times. Being from an upper caste, Gandhi left every privilege that life afforded and got down to even do jobs like cleaning dirt to symbolize that he was the same as the members on untouchable community. On the other hand, Dr Ambedkar chose to acquire academic brilliance and even a sense of fashion, to symbolize that he, by birth an untouchable was no different than the members on the so-called higher castes. Both had opposite approaches to the same mean. Before study their ideological differences, we should take a glance on similarities of both.   SIMILARITIES ·         Both Dr Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi agreed that caste-based discrimination and the custom of untouchability in India was unjust. It should be abolished. ·         Both created organizations to fight this social scourge of untouchability at the ground level and wrote exten

Main Causes of War War in the popular sense, a conflict between two or more groups or nations. War is not a new thing in International System. It starts from many years ago or we can say thousand years ago. Even in every religious book there is mention of war in any way. In ancient time there was only one type of war in which military directly come into fight with each other. But in today’s world there are other type of war also like cold war, proxy war etc. These war not even fought directly by rivalry states or groups. There are many causes of war like: FOR WEALTH GAIN In ancient time most of war was happen due to greed of wealth. Each nation wanted to gain wealth from another state and try to attack on them. Even in that time they attack on state and after exploit all wealth they give it back to same ruler. Their main aim in this war was to gain precious materials like gold, silver, cattle, horse etc. In modern times this wealth converts into resources like oil, minerals, raw ma

  “Arise and awake and see her, that is,  see India seated here on her eternal throne rejuvenated, more glorious than ever, this motherland or ours.” Swami Vivekananda’s Nationalism is different from all nationalism which we consider today. Vivekananda’s Nationalism was based on spiritualism, patriotism and religion.   There are some aspects of nationalism according to Vivekananda:   RELIGIOUS THEORY OF NATIONALISM Like Hegel, Vivekananda believed that there is one dominating principle in the life of each nation. In India’s context it is Religion. He believed that Indian lives were very simple and their believe towards almighty always generated a spirit inside from them. He believed that Religion would be the center through which nationalism will be generated in Indian. He said “In each nation, as in music, there is a main note, a central theme, upon which all others turn. Each nation has a theme: everything else is secondary. India’s theme is religion”. He wants to build t

  The India-Pakistan War of 1971 was a military confrontation between India and Pakistan. It was called Bangladesh Liberation War in East Pakistan. Many countries also indirectly involved in this war. Here is the list of some countries who give their support to Pakistan in this war. INDIA PAK WR   USA USA is an ally of Pakistan that time so he enjoyed a great support both militarily and diplomatically. All weapons used by Pakistan were imported from USA. USA wants to counter USSR through this war which support India in this war.   UK UK was also supported Pakistan in this war. Britain helped in the training of the Pakistan Army by conducting joint military exercises.   CHINA After the war between India and China 1962, China always tries to criticize India. In 1971 war China regularly criticized India for its intervention in East Pakistan. Directly it didn’t intervene militarily in this war because Field Marshall Sam Manekshaw had ensured it.   SRILANKA Sri Lan

  POSDCORB initially was envisioned in an effort to develop public service professional.   This concept come under the principles of organization. Luther Gulick and L. Urwick Gulick in Papers on the Science of Administration (1937 ) summed up the principles of organization in the word ‘ POSDCORB ’. Each latter stands for a particular function. These are various steps or stages involved in administrative process. It is stands for following activities: PLANNING Planning is the first and most important step in POSDCORB as it sets the overall structure of process with activities. This is working out in broad outline the work that need to do. What type of method will be used in this process and what is the purpose of this work, all this planned in this.   ORGANIZING After planning it is important how this all should be organized in formal sense. Establishment of formal structure of authority through which work subdivisions are arranged, defined and coordinated for the defin

Pakistan and China have different ideology from each other. But in International System they cooperate each other. Many times, China dominate Pakistan directly or indirectly despite this they cooperate each other. There are many reasons behind it: Pakistan China Relation INTERES T OF BOTH COUNTRIES ARE SAME Their ideologies might be different but their interests are same. Pakistan is always in a terrible spot, mostly due to its creation and decision of former head of state. China sees Pakistan as a useful market. China invested in infrastructure of Pakistan. China is improving Pakistan economy, which they really need.   STAND AGAINST INDIA Both are against India's development and progress, what we call it enemies. India shares its border from both countries. They always try to poke India especially Pakistan. China takes advantage of it and help Pakistan to provide them weapons and other facilities.   HEAVY LOANS ON PAKISTAN   Pakistan is getting lots of investme

  Democracy or Authoritarianism Many political thinkers accepts that Democracy is the best form of government. Maximum nations in the world try to become democratic country because this form of government give rights to individual. But many events happened in this international system that defined this Democracy as Authoritarian rule. In democratic countries individual suffers and fight for his rights. Although democracy emphasis on individual liberty. There are some causes for this happening: POPULATION   Increasing population is the main reason behind it. It became more and more difficult for government to create direct democracy in nations it's impossible to have maximum participation of this huge population. CRIMES increasing crimes is also responsible for this. Democracy main essence is to provide rights to its citizens. Freedom is main right in this. But it encourages crimes also. Criminals take advantages of this freedom so government make laws to avoid these crime

  The USA is a federal union of 50 states. This country is the superpower and hegemony on all states on the world directly or indirectly. Today’s world there are many nations we can call superpowers but we can’t deny that USA has more control especially economic control on all over the world. There some reasons or events that make USA only superpower.   UNITES STATES OF AMERICA LARGE SIZE AND POPULATION Mostly power of America comes from its size and population. It is one the largest countries on earth by population and area. For any country it’s very important to have vast area and human capital.   RICH RESOURCES Only vast area is not enough for gain power it will give you fruit when it has rich resources. USA is very lucky country by nature that it has vast area with rich resources that make him powerful country. The living standard of common people in this country is very good because of these resources.   ISOLATED COUNTRY USA is an isolated country. It didn’t face

  Federalism is system of government in which the power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the state. Federation has two level of government. One is the government for entire nations which based on national interest and other is on provinces level of government that look after administering of their province or state. Both these levels of government enjoy their power independent. Federation is different from unitary system. Under unitary system there is only one central government who enjoy their power independently. The central government can pass orders to the provincial or the local government. But in federal government central government can’t order the state government to do something. State government has powers of its own for which it is not answerable to the central government. Both these government are separately answerable to the people.   ADVANTAGES OF FEDERALISM     DECENTRALIZATION OF POWER First and most important feature of

  LIBERALISM Liberalism is political doctrine that protecting and enhancing the freedom of the individual. The main point of liberalist is individual. They believe in their freedom. The government is necessary to protect individual but also a threat to liberty because government make many sanctions on individual to govern. Thomas Paine expressed in “Common Sense” Government as a necessary evil. Later the concept of welfare state came into existence which believe that state will not only protect individual but also secure its liberty. The chief task of government is to remove obstacles that prevent individuals from living freely. These obstacles include poverty, disease discrimination and ignorance.   CHARACTERISTICS OF LIBERALISM Equality is the main characteristics of Liberalism. Liberalist believe in the equality among individual. There should not be any discrimination on the basis of any cast, colour, religion etc. Each individual should be equal opportunity according to the

  Ram Mohan Roy (1772-1833) was an Indian reformer who was one of the founders of the Brahmo Sabha. He is regarded as the promulgator of the Modern Age in Indian history specially in Bengal. He was contemporary of Hegel (1770-1831). When French Revolution began, he was seventeen years old. On 20 August 1828, he founded the Brahmo Samaj. The formal opening of the Brahmo Samaj was made on January 23, 1830. Ram Mohan Roy was against of social evils and abuses and declared himself in open opposition to orthodoxy.   RAM MOHAN ROY AS MONISTIC THEISM Ram Mohan Roy taught the concept of goodness of an Almighty Power. He believed in Upanishad but he was also a monotheist means he believe that there is only one supreme God. The unity of Godhead was the central concept of his philosophy.   Ram Mohan Roy THE POLITICAL IDEAS OF RAM MOHAN ROY Ram Mohan Roy was greatly influenced by western modern thought and stressed on rationalism and modern scientific approach. THEORY OF PERSONAL A